Concurrency
/kənˈkʌrənsi/
noun … “Multiple computations overlapping in time.”
Analog-to-Digital Converters
/ˈænəlɒɡ tuː ˈdɪdʒɪtl kənˈvɜːrtərz/
noun — "devices that transform continuous signals into digital data streams."
Modulation
/ˌmɒd.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/
“Turning signals into messages, one wave at a time.”
Modulation is the process of embedding information onto a carrier wave by varying one or more of its fundamental properties: amplitude, frequency, or phase. It is the bridge between raw data and physical transmission, allowing digital or analog signals to traverse mediums like radio waves, optical fibers, or electrical circuits.
Information Gain
/ˌɪn.fərˈmeɪ.ʃən ɡeɪn/
noun … “measuring how much a split enlightens.”
Information Gain is a metric used in decision tree learning and other machine learning algorithms to quantify the reduction in uncertainty (entropy) about a target variable after observing a feature. It measures how much knowing the value of a specific predictor improves the prediction of the outcome, guiding the selection of the most informative features when constructing decision trees, such as Decision Trees.
Encryption
/ɪnˈkrɪpʃən/
noun … “the process of transforming data into a form that is unreadable without authorization.”
Two's Complement
/tuːz ˈkɒmplɪˌmɛnt/
noun … “the standard method for representing signed integers in binary.”
Float64
/floʊt ˈsɪksˌtiːfɔːr/
noun … “a 64-bit double-precision floating-point number.”
Float32
/floʊt ˈθɜːrtiːtuː/
noun … “a 32-bit single-precision floating-point number.”
UINT32
/ˌjuːˌɪnt ˈθɜːrtiːtuː/
noun … “a non-negative 32-bit integer for large-range values.”
INT32
/ˌɪnt ˈθɜːrtiːˌtuː/
noun … “a signed 32-bit integer with a wide numeric range.”
INT32 is a fixed-width numeric data type that occupies exactly 32 bits of memory and can represent both negative and positive whole numbers. Using Two's Complement encoding, it provides a range from -2147483648 to 2147483647. The most significant bit is reserved for the sign, while the remaining 31 bits represent magnitude, enabling predictable arithmetic across the entire range.