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/ˈruːbi/

History of Ruby: Yukihiro Matsumoto's Creation

Ruby, an elegant and object-oriented programming language, was created by Yukihiro Matsumoto, known as "Matz," in the mid-1990s. Matz aimed to design a language that balanced simplicity and productivity, enabling developers to enjoy programming and express their ideas with ease. Ruby's name reflects Matz's desire for a gemstone name that was unique and valuable.

The Rout Cipher is a type of transposition cipher used to encrypt messages by rearranging the characters according to a specific pattern or route. It is a historical encryption method that predates modern cryptographic techniques and offers a basic level of security.

In the Rout Cipher, the plaintext is written into a grid or matrix row by row, following a predetermined route specified by the encryption key. The route could be a zigzag pattern, a winding path, or any agreed-upon sequence.

The ROT Cipher, also known as the Caesar Cipher or Caesar Shift, is one of the simplest and earliest known encryption techniques used for encoding messages. It is named after Julius Caesar, the Roman military leader who reportedly used this method to protect confidential communications during his time.

The Rosicrucian Cipher is a mysterious cryptographic method often associated with the Rosicrucian Order, an enigmatic and esoteric secret society dating back to the early 17th century. While the existence of the Rosicrucian Cipher is historically uncertain, it has been the subject of intriguing legends and myths.

AKA: ZigZag/WigWag Cipher

The Rail Fence Cipher is a transposition cipher that rearranges the letters of a message to create a new encrypted message. It gets its name from the way the letters are written in a zigzag pattern that resembles a fence made of rails.

Here's how the Rail Fence Cipher works:

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Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its simplicity and readability, making it an ideal choice for both beginners and experienced developers. Created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991, Python was designed with an emphasis on code clarity and the principles of simplicity and minimalism. Its design philosophy encourages the use of indentation to define code blocks, which enhances readability and reduces the likelihood of syntax errors.

Polygraphia is a historical treatise on cryptography and steganography written by Johannes Trithemius, a German abbot and scholar, in the late 15th century. The word polygraphia is derived from Greek, where poly means many and graphia means writing reflecting the treatise's focus on various methods of secret writing and communication.

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A Polybius Square or a Polybius Cipher is a substitution cipher that maps each letter of the alphabet to a pair of coordinates in a grid.

Here is an example of a Polybius Square in a 5x5 grid:

The Pinprick Cipher is a basic and straightforward form of secret writing, often used for encoding messages in a discreet manner. It involves using a pin or a sharp tool to create small holes or dots on a piece of paper in a specific pattern to represent letters, numbers, or symbols.

To use the Pinprick Cipher, each letter, digit, or symbol in the plaintext is assigned a unique pattern of holes or dots. The pattern could be based on a predefined code, a secret key, or any agreed-upon method between the sender and recipient.

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