Function
/ˈfʌŋkʃən/
noun … “Reusable block that maps inputs to outputs.”
Monads
/ˈmoʊnædz/
noun … “Composable containers for managing computation and effects.”
Type System
/taɪp ˈsɪstəm/
noun … “Rules governing the kinds of data and operations in a language.”
Type System is a formal framework in programming languages that classifies values, expressions, and variables into types, specifying how they can interact and which operations are valid. A robust type system enforces correctness, prevents invalid operations, and allows the compiler or runtime to catch errors early. Type systems can be static or dynamic, strong or weak, and often support features such as generics, type inference, and polymorphism.
Higher-Order Function
/ˌhaɪər ˈɔːrdər ˈfʌŋkʃən/
noun … “A function that operates on other functions.”
Higher-Order Function is a function that either takes one or more functions as arguments, returns a function as its result, or both. This concept is fundamental in Functional Programming, allowing programs to abstract behavior, compose operations, and manipulate computations as first-class values. By treating functions as data, developers can build flexible, reusable, and declarative pipelines.