Data

/ˌɪnt ˈθɜːrtiːˌtuː/

noun … “a signed 32-bit integer with a wide numeric range.”

INT32 is a fixed-width numeric data type that occupies exactly 32 bits of memory and can represent both negative and positive whole numbers. Using Two's Complement encoding, it provides a range from -2147483648 to 2147483647. The most significant bit is reserved for the sign, while the remaining 31 bits represent magnitude, enabling predictable arithmetic across the entire range.

/ˌɪnt ˈsɪksˌtiːn/

noun … “a signed 16-bit integer with a defined range.”

INT16 is a numeric data type that occupies exactly 16 bits of memory and can represent both negative and positive values. Using Two's Complement encoding, it provides a range from -32768 to 32767. The sign bit is the most significant bit, while the remaining 15 bits represent the magnitude, enabling arithmetic operations to behave consistently across the entire range.

/ˌjuːˌɪnt ˈsɪksˌtiːn/

noun … “a non-negative 16-bit integer in a fixed, predictable range.”

UINT16 is an unsigned integer type that occupies exactly 16 bits of memory, representing values from 0 to 65535. Because it has no sign bit, all 16 bits are used for magnitude, maximizing the range of non-negative numbers that can fit in two Bytes. This makes UINT16 suitable for counters, indexes, pixel channels, and network protocol fields where negative values are not required.

/baɪt/

noun … “the standard unit of digital storage.”

Byte is the fundamental unit of memory in computing, typically consisting of 8 bits. Each bit can represent a binary state, either 0 or 1, so a Byte can encode 256 unique values from 0 to 255. This makes it the basic building block for representing data such as numbers, characters, or small logical flags in memory or on disk.

/ˈjuːˌɪnt ˈeɪt/

noun … “non-negative numbers packed in a single byte.”

UINT8 is a numeric data type used in computing to represent whole numbers without a sign, stored in exactly 8 bits of memory. Unlike INT8, UINT8 cannot represent negative values; its range spans from 0 to 255. This type is often used when only non-negative values are needed, such as byte-level data, color channels in images, or flags in binary protocols.

/ɪnˈteɪt/

n. “small numbers, absolute certainty.”

INT8 is an 8-bit two's complement integer ranging from -128 to +127, optimized for quantized neural network inference where model weights/activations rounded to nearest integer maintain >99% accuracy versus FP32 training. Post-training quantization or quantization-aware training converts FP32 networks to INT8, enabling 4x throughput and 4x memory reduction on edge TPUs while zero-point offsets handle asymmetric activation ranges.

Key characteristics of INT8 include:

/ɑr ɛn ˈɛn/

n. "Neural network with feedback loops maintaining hidden state across time steps for sequential data processing."

/ˌbiː viː ˈeɪtʃ/

n. "Tree-structured spatial index organizing primitives within nested bounding volumes accelerating ray-primitive intersection unlike flat triangle lists."

/ˌɛm viː siː ˈsiː/

n. — "Database sorcery keeping readers blissfully ignorant of writers' mayhem."

MVCC (Multi-Version Concurrency Control) stores multiple temporal versions of each database row, letting readers grab consistent snapshots without blocking writers—who append fresh versions instead of overwriting. Unlike 2PL locking wars, transactions see "their" reality via timestamps/transaction IDs, with garbage collection culling ancient corpses once safe.

Key characteristics and concepts include:

/kuːtʃ diː biː/

n. — "JSON document store obsessed with offline replication sync."

CouchDB is Apache's Erlang-built NoSQL document database storing JSON-like documents with built-in bi-directional replication and multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) for offline-first apps. Unlike MongoDB's master-slave replication, CouchDB treats all nodes equal—changes propagate via HTTP with automatic conflict resolution via revision vectors, using MapReduce views for querying and B-tree indexes for fast lookups.