Logo is a programming language that was created in 1967 by Wally Feurzeig, Seymour Papert, and Cynthia Solomon. It was originally developed as a tool to introduce children to programming and mathematical thinking, using concepts that are easy to grasp for young learners. The language is widely known for its application in turtle graphics, where commands move a "turtle" on the screen, drawing shapes and patterns based on the programmer's instructions.